Difference between revisions of "List of CD pressing plants"

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{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:90%;"
|+ '''Key Worldwide Pressing Plants through the Late 1980s'''
|-
|-
! Built By !! CC !! Location !! Opened !! Closed !! Notes
! Built By / Subsequent Owners !! CC !! Location !! CDs Prod<br/>Online !! Closed !! Notes
|-
|-
| Capitol-EMI || US || Jacksonville, Illinois || 1986 Q4 || ? ||
| '''Americ Disc Inc.'''
| align="center" | US
| Miami, FL
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| Bought by MPO International
|-
|-
| CBS || US || Pitman, New Jersey || 1988? || ? || Formerly a vinyl pressing plant
| '''AmericanHelix''' / Kao Infosystems <small>(1993)</small> / Dering Corp.
| align="center" | US
| [[Lancaster, Pennsylvania (AmericanHelix)|Lancaster, Pennsylvania]]
| {{sortdate|19870699|1987}}
| {{ctr|still open}}
|
|-
|-
| CBS/Sony || JP || Shizuoka? || 1982?? || ? || Became DADC
| '''ASR Recording Services'''
| align="center" | US
| Canoga Park, CA
| {{ctr|''tbd (1990s?)''|color=gray}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| Cinram || CA || Scarborough, Ontario || 1986 Q2 || ? ||
| '''AstralTech'''
| align="center" | US
| Boca Raton, FL
| {{ctr|''tbd (1990s?)''|color=gray}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| Cinram || CA || ?? || 1987 Q1?? || ? ||
| '''Capitol-EMI'''
| align="center" | US
| Jacksonville, Illinois
| {{sortdate|19861099|ca. Oct 1986}}
| {{sortdate|20040699|mid-2004}}
|
|-
|-
| Denon America || US || Madison, Georgia || 1987 Q1? || ? ||
| '''CBS''' / Sony Disc Manufacturing
| align="center" | US
| Pitman, New Jersey
| {{sortdate|19880699|ca. 1988}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| Converted LP plant.
|-
|-
| Digital Audio Disc Corp. (DADC) || AT || Salzburg || 1987? || ? ||
| '''CBS/Sony''' / DADC
| align="center" | JP
| Shizuoka?
| {{sortdate|19820999|Q3 1982}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| Digital Audio Disc Corp. (DADC) || US || Terre Haute, IN || 1985? || ? || 12 presses a/o late 1986
| '''CD Plant'''
| align="center" | SE
| Malmö
| {{sortdate|19860699|ca. 1986}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| Discovery Systems || US || Dublin, Ohio || 1986 Q4? || ? ||
| '''[[Cinram]]'''
| align="center" | CA
| [[Scarborough, Ontario (Cinram)|Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario]]
| {{sortdate|19870399|ca. Q1 1987}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| Disctek || UK || Southern England? || 1986 Q4/1987 Q1? || ? ||
| '''CTA Co. Ltd.'''
| align="center" | JP
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| [[Disques Americ Inc. (Americ Disc)]] || CA || Drummondville, Quebec || 1987? || ?
| '''Daio Kosan Co. Ltd.'''
| align="center" | JP
| Chuo-Ku, Tokyo
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| DOCDisc || NL || ? || 1986 Q4? || ? ||
| '''DENON America'''
| align="center" | US
| Madison, Georgia
| {{sortdate|19870199|ca. Jan 1987}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| EMI || UK || Swindon || 1986-05-15 || ? ||
| '''[[Digital Audio Disc Corp. (DADC)]]''' / Sony DADC AG
| align="center" | AT
| Anif, Salzburg
| {{sortdate|19870699|ca. 1987}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| EVGA || NO || Telemark || 1987? || ? ||
| '''[[Digital Audio Disc Corp. (DADC)]]'''
| align="center" | US
| [[Terre Haute, Indiana (DADC)|Terre Haute, Indiana]]
| {{sortdate|19840921|21 Sep 1984}}
| {{ctr|still open}}
| 12 presses a/o late 1986
|-
|-
| ICM || SZ || ?? || 1985-10 || ? ||
| '''Disc Makers'''
| align="center" | US
| Pennsauken, New Jersey
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| JVC || JP || ?? || ? || ? ||
| '''[[Discovery Systems]]''' <small>(bankrupt)</small> / Metatek <small>(1989)</small>
| align="center" | US
| Dublin, Ohio
| {{sortdate|19861099|ca. Oct 1986}}
| {{sortdate|19880699|1988}}
| CD-ROM only 1989+
|-
|-
| JVC || US || Tuscaloosa, Alabama || 1987 Q1 || ? ||
| '''Disctek''' / Disctronics <small>(mid-1987)</small>
| align="center" | UK
| Horsham, West Sussex
| {{sortdate|19860701|1 Jul 1986}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| Koch Digitaldisc || AT || ? || 1986 Q1? || ? ||
| '''[[Disques Americ Inc. (Americ Disc)]]'''
| align="center" | CA
| Drummondville, Quebec
| {{sortdate|19870699|ca. 1987}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| Acquired by MPO International
|-
|-
| LaserVideo, Inc. || US || Huntsville, Alabama || 1987 Q1? || ? ||
| '''DOCDisc'''
| align="center" | NL
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{sortdate|19861299|Q4? 1986}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| Memory-Tech Inc. || US || Plano, Texas || 1987 Q2? || ? ||
| '''EMI'''
| align="center" | UK
| [[Swindon, Wiltshire (EMI)|Swindon, Wiltshire]]
| {{sortdate|19860515|15 May 1986}}<ref>"CD in Europe", ''Billboard'', 4 Oct 1986.</ref>
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| MPO || FR || Normandy || 1984 Q4 || ? ||
| '''EMI Compact Disc (Holland)''' / MediaMotion <small>(2004)</small>
| align="center" | NL
| Uden
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| Nimbus || UK || Wystone Leys, Wales || 1984 Q4? || ? ||
| '''EVGA'''
| align="center" | NO
| Telemark
| {{sortdate|19870699|ca. 1987}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| Nimbus || UK || Cwmbran, Wales || 1987? || ? ||
| '''Hauppage'''
| align="center" | US
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| Nimbus || US || Greene County, Virginia || 1987 Q2? || ? ||
| '''ICM'''
| align="center" | SZ
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{sortdate|19851099|Oct 1985}}<ref>Ibid.</ref>
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| Nippon Columbia (Denon) || JP || ? || ? || ?
| '''JVC'''
| align="center" | US
| Tuscaloosa, Alabama
| {{sortdate|19870399|Q1 1987}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| [[Philips and DuPont Optical (PDO)]] || US || King's Mountain, North Carolina || 1986 Q4/1987 Q1 || ? || Became PolyGram Music Distribution Co. (PMDC)
| '''Kao Infosystems'''
| align="center" | US
| Fremont, California
| {{sortdate|19940401|1 Apr 1994}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| [[Philips and DuPont Optical (PDO)]] || UK || [[Blackburn, England (PDO)|Blackburn, England]] || ?? || ?? || Became PolyGram Music Distribution Co. (PMDC)
| '''Koch Digitaldisc'''
| align="center" | AT
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{sortdate|19860499|Apr 1986}}<ref>Advertisement, ''Billboard'', 22 Nov 1986.</ref>
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| PolyGram || DE || Hanover || 1983? || ? || Transferred to PDO, 1986
| '''LaserVideo''' / Disctronics <small>(Jan 1988)</small> / Disc Mfg. (DMI) <small>(May 1990)</small> / Cinram <small>(Mar 1997)</small>
| align="center" | US
| [[Anaheim, California (LaserVideo)|Anaheim, California]]
| {{sortdate|19831199|Nov 1983}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| Added to existing LaserDisc plant
|-
|-
| Praxis Technologies || CA || Mississauga, Ontario || 1986 Q2 || ? ||  
| '''LaserVideo''' / Disctronics <small>(Jan 1988)</small> / Disc Mfg. (DMI) <small>(May 1990)</small> / Cinram <small>(Mar 1997)</small>
| align="center" | US
| Huntsville, Alabama
| {{sortdate|19861199|Nov 1986}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| Sanyo || JP || ? || ? || ? ||
| '''Matsushita-Technics'''
| align="center" | JP
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{sortdate|19841299|By late 1984}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| Sanyo || US || Richmond, Indiana || 1987 Q2? || ? ||
| '''Mayking'''
| align="center" | UK
| Battersea
| {{sortdate|19920699|Summer 1992}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| Used equipment from Nimbus
|-
|-
| Shape Optimedia || US || Kennebunkport, Maine || 1986? || ? ||
| '''[[Memory-Tech Corporation]]'''
| align="center" | JP
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{sortdate|19860999|Sep 1986}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| Mitsubishi/Tokyo Denka consortium
|-
|-
| Sonopress || DE || Gutersloh || 1985 Q4/1986 Q1? || ? ||
| '''Memory-Tech Inc.''' / Disctronics / U-TECH Dallas
| align="center" | US
| Plano, Texas
| {{sortdate|19870699|Q2? 1987}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| TELDEC || DE || ? || ? || ? || Became Record Service GmbH.
| '''MPO''' / Mayking
| align="center" | FR
| Averton, Mayenne
| {{sortdate|19841299|Dec 1984}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| Toshiba-EMI || JP || ? || ? || ?
| '''MPO Iberica'''
| align="center" | ES
| Madrid
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| [[Virgin Megastore, London, England|Virgin Megastore]] || UK || London || ? || ? ||
| '''MPO Siam'''
| align="center" | TH
| Bangkok
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| WEA || DE || Alsdorf || 1987? || ? ||
| '''[[Nimbus]]'''
| align="center" | UK
| Wyastone Leys, Wales
| {{sortdate|19840899|Aug 1984}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
|-
| WEA || US || [[Olyphant, Pennsylvania (WEA)|Olyphant, Pennsylvania]] || 1986 Q4 || ? ||
| '''[[Nimbus]]'''
| align="center" | UK
| Cwmbran, Wales
| {{sortdate|19860999|Sep 1986}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
| '''[[Nimbus]]'''
| align="center" | US
| Greene County, Virginia
| {{sortdate|19870699|Q2? 1987}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
| '''Nippon Columbia (Denon)'''
| align="center" | JP
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{sortdate|19831299|ca. 1983}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|-
| '''[[Philips and DuPont Optical (PDO)]]''' / [[PolyGram Music Distribution Co|PMDC]] <small>(1992)</small> / [[Universal Manufacturing and Logistics|Universal M&L]] / [[Entertainment Distribution Company|EDC]]
| align="center" | US
| [[Kings Mountain, North Carolina (PDO)|King's Mountain, North Carolina]]
| {{sortdate|19861299|ca. Dec 1986}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
| '''[[Philips and DuPont Optical (PDO)]]'''  / [[PolyGram Music Distribution Co|PMDC]] / [[Universal Manufacturing and Logistics|Universal M&L]] / [[Entertainment Distribution Company|EDC]]
| align="center" | UK
| [[Blackburn, England (PDO)|Blackburn, England]]
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{sortdate|20091231|31 Dec 2009}}
|
|-
| '''Pilz GmbH.'''
| align="center" | US
| Concordville, Pennsylvania
| {{sortdate|19930799|Jul 1993}}
| {{sortdate|19960999|Q3 1996}}
|
|-
| '''PolyGram''' / [[Philips and DuPont Optical (PDO)|PDO]] / [[PolyGram Music Distribution Co|PMDC]] / [[Universal Manufacturing and Logistics|Universal M&L]] / [[Entertainment Distribution Company|EDC]]
| align="center" | DE
| Hanover, Niedersachsen
| {{sortdate|19820817|17 Aug 1982}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
| '''Praxis Technologies'''
| align="center" | CA
| Mississauga, Ontario
| {{sortdate|19860699|Jun 1986}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
| '''Record Service GmbH''' (WCI<ref>Warner Communications, Inc.</ref>) / TELDEC(?) / WEA Manufacturing
| align="center" | DE
| Alsdorf, Nordrhein-Westfalen
| {{sortdate|19870699|ca. 1987}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| Add-on to existing LP/Cass plant
|-
| '''Sanyo'''
| align="center" | JP
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{sortdate|19841299|Late 1984}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
| '''Sanyo''' / Optical Disc Solutions
| align="center" | US
| Richmond, Indiana
| {{sortdate|19870699|ca. Q2 1987}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
| '''SHAPE Optimedia'''
| align="center" | US
| Kennebunk, Maine
| {{sortdate|19860299|Q1 1986}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| Limited-run until Sanford plant opened
|-
| '''SHAPE Optimedia''' / DOCData / U.S. Optical Disc
| align="center" | US
| Sanford, Maine
| {{sortdate|19870399|ca. Q1 1987}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
| '''[[Sonopress]]'''
| align="center" | DE
| G&uuml;tersloh, Nordrhein-Westfalen
| {{sortdate|19851299|Q4'85/Q1'86}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
| '''[[Sonopress]]'''
| align="center" | US
| Weaverville, North Carolina
| {{sortdate|19910699|1991}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
| '''Sony DADC Australia'''
| align="center" | AU
| Huntingwood, NSW
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
| '''Technidisc'''
| align="center" | US
| Troy, Michigan
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{sortdate|19960812|12 Aug 1996}}
| Best (worst?) known for LaserDiscs
|-
| '''Toshiba-EMI''' / Toemi Media Solutions
| align="center" | JP
| [[Gotemba, Shizuoka (Toshiba-EMI)|Gotemba, Shizuoka]]
| {{sortdate|19841299|By late 1984}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
| '''U.S. Digital Disc Corp.'''
| align="center" | US
| The Bronx, New York
| {{ctr|Never?}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| Cofounded by Ken Pohlmann
|-
| '''Victor Corporation of Japan (JVC)'''
| align="center" | JP
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{sortdate|19841299|By late 1984}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
| '''[[Virgin Megastore, London, England|Virgin Megastore]]'''
| align="center" | UK
| London
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
|
|-
| '''WEA Manufacturing''' (WCI) / Specialty Records Corp. / Cinram
| align="center" | US
| [[Olyphant, Pennsylvania (WEA)|Olyphant, Pennsylvania]]
| {{sortdate|19860999|Sep 1986}}<ref>"Confab: CD Fill to Remain Slow", ''Billboard'', 4 Oct 1986.</ref>
| {{ctr|''tbd''|color=gray}}
| Add-on to existing LP/Cass plant
|}
|}
= References =
<references/>
[[Category: Pressing plant]]

Latest revision as of 11:16, 10 May 2012

Built By / Subsequent Owners CC Location CDs Prod
Online		 Closed Notes
Americ Disc Inc. US Miami, FL tbd tbd Bought by MPO International
AmericanHelix / Kao Infosystems (1993) / Dering Corp. US Lancaster, Pennsylvania &198706991987 still open
ASR Recording Services US Canoga Park, CA tbd (1990s?) tbd
AstralTech US Boca Raton, FL tbd (1990s?) tbd
Capitol-EMI US Jacksonville, Illinois &19861099ca. Oct 1986 &20040699mid-2004
CBS / Sony Disc Manufacturing US Pitman, New Jersey &19880699ca. 1988 tbd Converted LP plant.
CBS/Sony / DADC JP Shizuoka? &19820999Q3 1982 tbd
CD Plant SE Malmö &19860699ca. 1986 tbd
Cinram CA Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario &19870399ca. Q1 1987 tbd
CTA Co. Ltd. JP tbd tbd tbd
Daio Kosan Co. Ltd. JP Chuo-Ku, Tokyo tbd tbd
DENON America US Madison, Georgia &19870199ca. Jan 1987 tbd
Digital Audio Disc Corp. (DADC) / Sony DADC AG AT Anif, Salzburg &19870699ca. 1987 tbd
Digital Audio Disc Corp. (DADC) US Terre Haute, Indiana &1984092121 Sep 1984 still open 12 presses a/o late 1986
Disc Makers US Pennsauken, New Jersey tbd tbd
Discovery Systems (bankrupt) / Metatek (1989) US Dublin, Ohio &19861099ca. Oct 1986 &198806991988 CD-ROM only 1989+
Disctek / Disctronics (mid-1987) UK Horsham, West Sussex &198607011 Jul 1986 tbd
Disques Americ Inc. (Americ Disc) CA Drummondville, Quebec &19870699ca. 1987 tbd Acquired by MPO International
DOCDisc NL tbd &19861299Q4? 1986 tbd
EMI UK Swindon, Wiltshire &1986051515 May 1986[1] tbd
EMI Compact Disc (Holland) / MediaMotion (2004) NL Uden tbd tbd
EVGA NO Telemark &19870699ca. 1987 tbd
Hauppage US tbd tbd tbd
ICM SZ tbd &19851099Oct 1985[2] tbd
JVC US Tuscaloosa, Alabama &19870399Q1 1987 tbd
Kao Infosystems US Fremont, California &199404011 Apr 1994 tbd
Koch Digitaldisc AT tbd &19860499Apr 1986[3] tbd
LaserVideo / Disctronics (Jan 1988) / Disc Mfg. (DMI) (May 1990) / Cinram (Mar 1997) US Anaheim, California &19831199Nov 1983 tbd Added to existing LaserDisc plant
LaserVideo / Disctronics (Jan 1988) / Disc Mfg. (DMI) (May 1990) / Cinram (Mar 1997) US Huntsville, Alabama &19861199Nov 1986 tbd
Matsushita-Technics JP tbd &19841299By late 1984 tbd
Mayking UK Battersea &19920699Summer 1992 tbd Used equipment from Nimbus
Memory-Tech Corporation JP tbd &19860999Sep 1986 tbd Mitsubishi/Tokyo Denka consortium
Memory-Tech Inc. / Disctronics / U-TECH Dallas US Plano, Texas &19870699Q2? 1987 tbd
MPO / Mayking FR Averton, Mayenne &19841299Dec 1984 tbd
MPO Iberica ES Madrid tbd tbd
MPO Siam TH Bangkok tbd tbd
Nimbus UK Wyastone Leys, Wales &19840899Aug 1984 tbd
Nimbus UK Cwmbran, Wales &19860999Sep 1986 tbd
Nimbus US Greene County, Virginia &19870699Q2? 1987 tbd
Nippon Columbia (Denon) JP tbd &19831299ca. 1983 tbd
Philips and DuPont Optical (PDO) / PMDC (1992) / Universal M&L / EDC US King's Mountain, North Carolina &19861299ca. Dec 1986 tbd
Philips and DuPont Optical (PDO) / PMDC / Universal M&L / EDC UK Blackburn, England tbd &2009123131 Dec 2009
Pilz GmbH. US Concordville, Pennsylvania &19930799Jul 1993 &19960999Q3 1996
PolyGram / PDO / PMDC / Universal M&L / EDC DE Hanover, Niedersachsen &1982081717 Aug 1982 tbd
Praxis Technologies CA Mississauga, Ontario &19860699Jun 1986 tbd
Record Service GmbH (WCI[4]) / TELDEC(?) / WEA Manufacturing DE Alsdorf, Nordrhein-Westfalen &19870699ca. 1987 tbd Add-on to existing LP/Cass plant
Sanyo JP tbd &19841299Late 1984 tbd
Sanyo / Optical Disc Solutions US Richmond, Indiana &19870699ca. Q2 1987 tbd
SHAPE Optimedia US Kennebunk, Maine &19860299Q1 1986 tbd Limited-run until Sanford plant opened
SHAPE Optimedia / DOCData / U.S. Optical Disc US Sanford, Maine &19870399ca. Q1 1987 tbd
Sonopress DE Gütersloh, Nordrhein-Westfalen &19851299Q4'85/Q1'86 tbd
Sonopress US Weaverville, North Carolina &199106991991 tbd
Sony DADC Australia AU Huntingwood, NSW tbd tbd
Technidisc US Troy, Michigan tbd &1996081212 Aug 1996 Best (worst?) known for LaserDiscs
Toshiba-EMI / Toemi Media Solutions JP Gotemba, Shizuoka &19841299By late 1984 tbd
U.S. Digital Disc Corp. US The Bronx, New York Never? tbd Cofounded by Ken Pohlmann
Victor Corporation of Japan (JVC) JP tbd &19841299By late 1984 tbd
Virgin Megastore UK London tbd tbd
WEA Manufacturing (WCI) / Specialty Records Corp. / Cinram US Olyphant, Pennsylvania &19860999Sep 1986[5] tbd Add-on to existing LP/Cass plant

References

  1. ^ "CD in Europe", Billboard, 4 Oct 1986.
  2. ^ Ibid.
  3. ^ Advertisement, Billboard, 22 Nov 1986.
  4. ^ Warner Communications, Inc.
  5. ^ "Confab: CD Fill to Remain Slow", Billboard, 4 Oct 1986.
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